CAMRT Radiography Practice Exam

What is the primary difference between a germicide and a disinfectant?

1. Germicide inhibits bacterial growth; disinfectant kills microorganisms

2. Germicide kills microorganisms; disinfectant inhibits bacterial growth

3. Germicide is less effective than disinfectant

4. Disinfectant works only on surfaces; germicide works on skin

The correct answer is: Germicide kills microorganisms; disinfectant inhibits bacterial growth

The primary difference between a germicide and a disinfectant lies in their mechanisms of action regarding microorganisms. A germicide is defined as a substance that kills living microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Its effectiveness is notable as it actively eliminates these pathogens, thus making it a suitable choice for applications where the complete eradication of microbes is necessary. On the other hand, a disinfectant typically refers to a substance that is used to kill a significant number of pathogens on inanimate surfaces. While many disinfectants can achieve a high level of microbial reduction, their primary purpose is not necessarily to act against all types of microorganisms, especially on living tissues. The distinction is essential in understanding where to appropriately use germicides—typically in medical and laboratory settings where sterilization is critical—and disinfectants, which are commonly utilized for cleaning surfaces and objects in healthcare and household environments. This understanding supports effective infection control practices and informs appropriate selection of antimicrobial agents based on their intended use.